Youdaoplaceholder0 Introduction to literature and history

In 1993, I accompanied China Central Television on my first visit to Zhujiawu Village, Wen 'an County, Hebei Province, the hometown of Master Dong Haichuan. In the same year, to prepare for the first international 八卦掌 friendship conference, I visited Zhujiawu Village many times. In 1994, at the invitation of the Dong family, I helped establish the Dong Haichuan Martial Arts School of the Zhu family and held the positions of academic director and chief coach in the school. I lived in the Zhu family for as long as half a year. During this period, extensive research was conducted on the Dong shi family and Zhu Jiawu village, and two articles, "Is' Hai Chuan 'a name or a character?" and "八卦掌 and fitness", were written and published in the "Wu Hun" magazine. These two articles won the Merit Award at the second international 八卦掌 association paper Awards in 1995. I served as the secretary-general in two international 八卦掌 associations. Due to my participation in the above work, I further collected a large amount of information on 八卦掌, conducted extensive research and exploration, and gained a relatively comprehensive understanding of dong haichuan and the development of 八卦掌. The Dong Haichuan family, the founder of the Dong family, has lived in Hongtong County, Shanxi Province for generations. Dong Jun once held the position of Left Deputy Marshal of the Dragon and Tiger Guard. In the early Ming Dynasty, they moved to Gaocheng, Hebei Province. His descendants have been military generals for five consecutive generations. In the sixth generation, Dong Liangfu was ordered to move to Kaikou Village, Xiongxian County. In the eleventh generation, Dong Jibei and the previous five generations, they all served as the commander of the Baoding Guard. In the 15th generation, Dong Xianzhou began to read poetry and books at a young age and invited many famous teachers to learn martial arts. "He would do his best to master all his skills." "Once his skills were mastered, his reputation would shake the river." Dong Haichuan is slightly younger than Dong Xianzhou. Since Dong Haichuan's grandfather, Dong Boxuan, moved his family to Zhujiawu Village, there have been eight or nine generations up to now. Dong Haichuan was originally named Dong Mingkui. His father, Dong Shouye, had three sons: the eldest son Dong Dekui, the second son Dong Mingkui, and the third son Dong Wukui. Dong Haichuan and Dong Xianzhou were inseparable for a long time. They often traveled between Xiongxian and Wen 'an, visiting students and friends at the famous martial arts field. This laid the foundation for Dong Haichuan to enter the martial arts world at an early age and also for his later creation of 八卦掌. According to the historical and cultural records of Wen 'an and the county Chronicles of Xiongxian, many members of the Dong Haichuan family were military officers. "The family background of a general and the origin of military achievements are true and not false." Dong Haichuan's father was mainly engaged in farming, and the family was not well-off. Dong Haichuan was not fond of farming and was addicted to martial arts. Every day, he was either practicing martial arts or traveling for study outside. At night, he often climbed over the wall to return home, which caused annoyance to his stepmother and father. In 1810 (the 15th year of the Jiaqing reign), Wen 'an County suffered a major disaster with no harvest at all, which further intensified the dissatisfaction of his stepmother and father towards Dong Haichuan. In the following years, the relationship between the two sides became increasingly tense. Because Dong Haichuan entered the martial arts world at a young age, he was full of righteousness and loved to interfere in the injustices of the world. Therefore, the bad people feared him and the good people loved him. Many of Dong Haichuan's righteous deeds once won the affection of a girl, but in the feudal era, they were bound to draw criticism. Dong Haichuan was determined to pass the martial arts examination and become an official. So he left home and vowed not to return until he earned a lot of money and achieved an official position. Dong Haichuan ran away from home from then on. He first went to Kaikou Village in Xiongxian County and later to Beijing in search of an official position. Little did he know that only after reaching Beijing did he find out that the north was still a place where martial arts experts gathered. Dong Haichuan lost in all his sparring matches and only then did he realize that there was always someone better out there. As he had no face to return home to see his fellow villagers, he decided to travel all over the famous mountains and rivers and learn the martial arts of various schools. To avoid causing trouble for his hometown, he decided to omit the two characters "Mingkui" given by his parents and adopt the given name "Haichuan". As a result, the two characters "Haichuan" have been passed down to this day, while many people do not know that Dong Haichuan's full name is Dong Mingkui. The two characters "Hai Chuan" mean to accommodate all rivers. From then on, Dong Haichuan began to travel far and wide, learning and visiting wherever he went. He often held hands with others to verify what he had learned. The places visited included famous mountains and rivers in Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and other places, and visited local masters, hermits and martial arts experts. After nearly 30 years of exploration, when Dong Haichuan was around 50 years old, he had mastered many kinds of boxing techniques and the training methods of Buddhism and Taoism. His martial arts had reached a state of perfection and he had many special functions. During that period, Dong Haichuan created a new martial arts style, which was initially named "Rotating Palm". Of course, there have been many theories about Dong Haichuan's apprenticeship in the past, some of which have a strange and mysterious touch, but none of them can stand up to verification. Dong Haichuan 's first story in Beijing 八卦掌 dong Haichuan came to Beijing around 1855 and served in the palace. Because of years of martial arts practice, he often showed his heroic spirit, which aroused suspicion within the palace. Later, he was transferred to serve in the Su Wang Mansion. Dong Haichuan often practiced martial arts at night when no one was around, and was later discovered by Quan Kaiting, the chief steward of the prince's mansion. Quan Kaiting had a basic understanding of martial arts and intended to frequently interact with Dong Haichuan. Several times when he approached Dong Haichuan, he couldn't get close to his body, which was because Dong Haichuan was highly skilled in martial arts. Once, during a gathering to celebrate the birthday of King Su, a martial arts performance and a hand gesture were organized. At that time, Dong Gong was in charge of the tea service for Prince Su, and the martial arts arena was surrounded by the families of the nobles and ministers. At this moment, King Su asked for tea. Dong Gong was unable to enter. In a panic, he leaped into the air, took eight steps in the air, and leaped over everyone's heads to present tea to King Su. This move alarmed everyone present. King Su ordered him to perform. With no other choice, Duke Dong demonstrated the palm rotation he had created, that is, 八卦掌. All the martial arts experts present were astonished. At that time, Sha Huihui, who was the chief martial arts teacher at the Su Wang Mansion, proposed to have a fight with Dong Haichuan but was defeated and dismissed. Sha Huihui then became Dong Haichuan's disciple and attempted to assassin Dong Gong but failed, then fled. King Su appointed Dong Haichuan as the chief martial arts teacher of the prince's mansion and bestowed upon him the title of Seventh Rank Leader and Chief guard of the courtyard. The martial arts community in the capital was shaken, and those who sought to compete and become his master came in an endless stream. Dong Haichuan made his first pass in Beijing at this time 八卦掌. All those who competed with Dong Haichuan were defeated. Later, after competing with Mr. Dong Haichuan, Mr. Yang Luchan, who was known as "Invincible Yang", also said: "When I compete with Mr. Dong, I can only draw. It's very difficult for me to defeat Mr. Dong Haichuan." The two became good friends later. At that time, Mr. Yin Fu, who was teaching at the Shanpu Camp, was introduced to have a martial arts competition with Mr. Dong Haichuan. With just one move, Mr. Yin Fu was defeated and immediately became his disciple. As a result, Mr. Dong Haichuan's reputation spread greatly. Later, Cheng Tinghua, Shi Jidong, Quan Kaiting, Liang Zhenpu, Liu Dekuan and dozens of other high-ranking officials, noblemen and princes successively became disciples of Dong Gong. From then on, Dong Gong began to widely spread the eight trigrams and the palm of his hand. The early development of the Bagua Hall in the North and South cities. After Dong Haichuan opened the temple and took on disciples, there were 57 people whose names were inscribed on the stele, and countless others who were not. Youdaoplaceholder0 had a great influence among princes and noblemen, high-ranking officials and ordinary martial artists. Those who sought out masters often brought their own skills to learn from them. Dong Gong would teach each person according to their aptitude, imparting their skills. The basic skills and palm rotation remained unchanged. Then, based on the original martial arts they had learned, he would guide and improve them. This laid the foundation for the later formation of different styles of 八卦掌 such as Yin style, cheng style, liang style, and fan style. Youdaoplaceholder0 soon became popular in Beijing and spread throughout the country. With a group of famous disciples each with their own characteristics, such as the Bracelet Master Yin Yinfu, the Glasses Master Cheng Tinghua, the Legs Master Shi Liu Shi Jidong, the Coal Horse, Ma Weiqi, the Fast Legs Master Liang Liang Zhenpu, the Crazy Fan Fan Zhiyong, the Big Gun Master Liu Liu Dekuan, the Flower Rod Master Song, and Song Yongxiang, they gradually became well-known in the capital and throughout the country. Mr. Yin Fu and Mr. Cheng Tinghua successively established the South Field and the North Field martial arts fields. The South field was founded by Mr. Cheng Tinghua, and the North field was founded by Mr. Yin Fu. In the south, it was passed down to 八卦掌 and then called Seong, and in the north, it was passed down to 八卦掌 and then called Yoon. The Cheng and Yin styles are widely spread in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and other places. The third-generation disciples were mostly officials, merchants, as well as noblemen, princes, and high-ranking officials. Mr. Yin Fu was mainly an official. He also served as a martial arts teacher for Emperor Guangxu and was a bodyguard for Empress Dowager Cixi. Mr. Cheng Tinghua, Mr. Liang Zhenpu, Mr. Liu Dekuan, Mr. Liu Fengchun, and the renowned Xingyi Quan masters Mr. Li Cunyi and Mr. Zhang Zhaodong became sworn brothers. There was once a craze for learning 八卦掌 in the xingyi quan community. Later, Mr. Li Cunyi, Mr. Zhang Zhaodong and others also became famous 八卦掌 masters. Among his disciples, Mr. Huang Bainian, Mr. Jiang Rongqiao, Mr. Han Muxia and Mr. Li Ziyang all became famous 八卦掌 masters, inheriting 八卦掌 and writing books and theories, thus promoting the great unity of the two major styles of 八卦掌 and xingyi Quan, and giving rise to the legendary story that the eight trigrams and xingyi are inseparable. All these have played a positive role in promoting the development and popularization of 八卦掌. Mr. Ma Weiqi, known as the "Coal Horse", was renowned in the capital for his pure martial arts skills. He never lost in martial arts competitions, but he had a bad temper and often hurt others in handfights. His martial arts were deeply loved by Duke Dong. Unfortunately, he passed away at the age of 29 and had no successors. Mr. Dong Haichuan, the founder of 八卦掌, was born in 1797 and passed away in 1882 at the age of 85. He was buried in Xiaoniu House outside Dongzhimen, Beijing. Mr. Liang Zhenpu and 八卦掌 Mr. Liang Zhenpu is known as "Liang Kuai Tu" because when he practices 八卦掌, he can lift and straighten his braids. People also call him "Xiao braided Liang". Because Mr. Liang Zhenpu was in the business of estimating clothes, people also called him "estimating Clothes Liang". Mr. Liang Zhenpu was born in 1863. He originally practiced the spring leg and later went to Beijing to do business. At the age of 14, he became a disciple of Mr. Dong Haichuan and learned 八卦掌. Mr. Liang Zhenpu was intelligent, lively and polite to others. He held great respect for his teachers and fellow disciples. When practicing martial arts, he was very serious, willing to put in the effort and had an extremely strong perception. He could draw inferences by analogy and was deeply cherished by Duke Cao. Dong Haichuan was nearly eighty years old. Seeing such a virtuous and talented young man as Liang Zhenpu, he was very happy. However, he was extremely strict and passed on all his life's experience and martial arts skills to Mr. Liang Zhenpu. Mr. Liang Zhenpu also often went to study with his senior brothers, Yin Fu, Cheng Tinghua, Shi Jidong, etc., and showed the martial arts he had learned from them to his teacher, who then gave him guidance, enabling Mr. Liang Zhenpu to quickly grasp the 八卦掌 skills he had learned. All the senior brothers also had a special fondness for this younger brother. Because of this, after Dong Gong's passing, Liang Zhenpu's relationship with senior brothers such as Mr. Cheng Tinghua, Mr. Yin Fu, Mr. Liu Dekuan, and Mr. Li Cunyi became even closer. These senior brothers also gave Liang Zhenpu a lot of guidance on his martial arts, which played a significant role in improving his martial arts skills. Mr. Liang Zhenpu verified his own martial arts skills through sparring with the senior disciples. Mr. Liang Zhenpu not only inherited the martial arts skills of Mr. Dong but also possessed the characteristics of the senior disciples, thus becoming an outstanding 八卦掌 master of martial arts. It was for this reason that Mr. Liang Zhenpu was able to defeat the "Four Overlords" of Jixian County, Hebei Province, and in 1899, he executed dozens of people including Jin Biao Zhao Liu at Majiabao outside Yongdingmen in Beijing. He was thrown into death row by the Xing tribe of the Qing Dynasty due to a lawsuit over human life. It was only with the strong support of his disciple Li Tongtai and his senior brother Cheng Tinghua and others that he was sentenced to death with a two-year repriday. This case had a huge impact and was known to everyone in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region. Liang Zhenpu's reputation was also greatly shaken by it. In 1990, the Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing. Empress Dowager Cixi fled westward from the capital, causing chaos in the imperial court. Prisoners bombed the prison, and Liang Zhenpu escaped from prison. At the same time, Mr. Cheng Tinghua, a 52-year-old writer of 八卦掌, was shot dead by the German army in the fight against the eight-nation alliance, causing a star in the bagua gate to fall. The formation and development of liang-style 八卦掌 after Mr. Liang Zhenpu fled back to his hometown of Jixian County, Hebei Province, he became well-known far and wide for killing the villain Jin Biao Zhao Liu and defeating the "Four Open Areas" in Jixian County in 1899. Upon his return to Jixian County, he made it his profession to teach 八卦掌 and later opened two escort agencies, Kuiying and desheng, specializing in the routes of Dezhou and Baoding. Later, he worked as a martial arts teacher at Hebei Provincial No. 14 Middle School and Xinji Shulu Girls' Normal Middle School, and made great contributions to the promotion and popularization of 八卦掌. Mr. Liang Zhenpu passed away in 1993 and is now buried on the right side of Dong Haichuan's tomb in Wan 'an Cemetery, Xiangshan, Beijing. Among those who can carry on the mantle of Mr. Liang Zhenpu are Li Tongtai, Li Shao 'an, Guo Gumin, Li Ziming, Tian Jinfeng, Fu Zhenlun and others. Li Tongtai died young and Tian Jinfeng's whereabouts remain unknown. The two brothers, Guo Gumin and Li Ziming, made the greatest contributions to the development of liang-style 八卦掌. Mr. Guo Gumin was born in 1887. He never married and made a living by teaching 八卦掌. He was one of the important successors of liang Zhenpu and an important figure who carried on the legacy among the third generation of 八卦掌. Mr. Guo Gumin was renowned in the capital for his profound martial arts skills and noble martial ethics. In addition to learning 八卦掌 from teacher Liang Zhenpu during his lifetime, he also maintained close contact with many senior apprentices, uncles and other senior apprentices of 八卦掌. He often received guidance and teachings from Yin Fu, Liu Dekuan, li Cunyi, Han Fushun, liu Fengchun, Gu Buyun and others. The senior brothers of the Shou generation, such as Men Baozhen and Zeng Shengsan from the Yin school, Cheng Youlong and Cheng Youxin from the Cheng school, and Li Shao 'an and li Ziming from the same school, kept in close contact and often exchanged and practiced the 八卦掌 skills together. Mr. Guo Guomin wrote "八卦掌 Collection" and "Guo's Secret Bag". Due to his close relationship with Yu Hui, he obtained the secret formula of "Thirty-six Songs and Forty-eight Methods" of 八卦掌 from Dong Haichuan, which he never passed on to others. Mr. Guo set up a cult in Beijing and Shandong and made a living from it, which had a great influence. The older disciples of the fourth generation of all kinds of 八卦掌 in Beijing often went to Guo gumin to learn the art, and they all called him uncle Guo or Third master guo. Mr. Guo taught hundreds of students and later served as a martial arts teacher at Beijing Normal University. The Seven-star Pole, the sixty-four styles of the Eight Trigrams Straight Traverse, the Zi-Wu Chicken Claw Yin-Yang Sharpness, and the hook and sickle Sword that are passed down in various branches of Beijing were all passed down by Mr. Guo. Mr. Guo Gumin, as a bridge between the past and the future, has played a role in the great integration and unity of all kinds of Beijing 八卦掌, and has played a positive role in promoting the development of 八卦掌. At present, there are still dozens of disciples of Guo Gumin alive, such as Zhuge Jiabao, Li Changxing, Li Lianxing and others, all of whom are in their seventies or eighties. There are hundreds of his disciples and grandchildren, distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Hubei and other places. Mr. Guo Gumin devoted himself to the development of 八卦掌 and passed away in 1968. He is now buried on the left side of the tomb of Mr. Liang Zhenpu in wan 'an cemetery, Beijing. From "Beijing Wushu Network"