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【字体:小 大】Abstract: The central tenet of Daoist philosophy, wuwei, is familiar to many people throughout the world. Scholars in both China and in western countries, through explorations of the masterpieces written by Laozi, Zhuangzi and other sages, have put forth various interpretations and explanations of its meaning. While their studies have certainly enhanced our understanding of wuwei and the various ways in which it can be interpreted, they have also sparked heated discussions that raise more questions than answers. What is the true meaning of wuwei? What does wuwei advocate? What is the result of wuwei? Finally, how does one practice wuwei? These and other questions are still under debate, but this essay will attempt to answer them by analyzing the literary meaning of the term, moving beyond superficial interpretations of Laozi and Zhuangzi’s works. In this paper I argue that it is not appropriate to directly translate wuwei as “inaction” or “doing nothing”, as this may mislead people. Wuwei is a fixed term and should instead be treated as a borrowed phrase. Direct translation serves only to distort or confuse its meaning. Through an examination of the works of Laozi, Zhuangzi and other sages, I investigate the steps involved in practicing wuwei, explaining several elements that are closely connected to the practice, such as desirelessness, passionlessness, selflessness, silence and emptiness. In addition, I have created an original diagram in order to better illustrate the steps involved in the practice of wuwei, and the ultimate path to achieving Tao.
This paper endeavors to resolve some of the misinterpretations of the concept of wuwei and to contribute to a more complete understanding and appreciation of the works written by Laozi and Zhuangzi.
Liu Yang, (University of British Columbia )
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