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Syntax, Prosody and Texture: towards a Literary Reading of the Tao Te Ching

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  •   ZHAO Xiaohuan, (professor, Universities of Otago, NEW ZEALAND)

      Abstract: This paper attempts a stylistic analysis of the Taote ching [Classic of the Way and Virtue] through a systematic examination of various linguistic and rhetorical devices employed in this Taoist canon to achieve a poetic effect in the prose form. The data for textual analysis will be the Wang Bi (226-249) annotated text, which is included in Volume 3 of the Zhonghua shuju 2006 edition of the Zhuzi jicheng. Where necessary, references will also be made in the course of textual analysis to other major versions of the Tao te ching in current circulation, which have been collated and rectified in line with the Gudian bamboo-slip text and the Mawangdui silk manuscripts.

      This paper will start with a brief review of studies of the language of the Tao te ching before moving on to discuss the literariness of this Taoist text. Stylistic analyses of this Taoist canon will be concentrated on three interrelated linguistic aspects of the text, that is, syntax, prosody and texture. In close connection with syntax are two prominent features of Chinese classical poetry we will examine in detail in this paper, parallelism and antithesis. Next, an exploration of the prosodic features will be conducted with regard to the length of line in terms of number of syllables, metric units, and rhyming and tonal patterns. The following section will deal with the textual features focus on textual cohesion and coherence and logico-semantic relations between clauses and clause complexes as achieved and manifested through linguistic and rhetorical devices.

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